Philosophy💟

                                  Hindu philosophy

                          

                                                                                     Hindu philosophy encompasses the philosophies, world views and teachings that emerged in ancient India. These include six systems  Sankhya, Yoga, Nyaya, Vaisheshika, Mimamsa and Vedanta.

                        In Indian tradition, the word used for philosophy is Darshana. This word comes from the Sanskrit root drish .

                 These are also called the Astika philosophical traditions and are those that accept the Vedas as an authoritative, important source of knowledge. Ancient and medieval India was also the source of philosophies that share philosophical concepts but rejected the Vedas, and these have been called nāstika (heterodox or non-orthodox) Indian philosophies.

             Nāstika Indian philosophies  include Buddhism, Jainism, Cārvāka, Ājīvika, and others.

                                                 Jain philosophy

                              Jain philosophy is the oldest Indian philosophy that separates body (matter) from the soul (consciousness) completely. Jain philosophy deals with reality, cosmology, epistemology (study of knowledge) and Vitalism. It attempts to explain the rationale of being and existence, the nature of the Universe and its constituents, the nature of soul's bondage with body and the means to achieve liberation.

                                       Jain texts expound that in every half-cycle of time, twenty-four tirthankaras grace this part of the Universe to teach the unchanging doctrine of right faith, right knowledge and right conduct.

• Belief on independent existence of soul and matter.

• Refutation of the idea that a supreme divine creator, owner, preserver or destroyer of the universe exists.

• Potency of karma, eternal universe.

• Accent on relativity and multiple facets of truth and

• Morality and ethics based on liberation of soul.

Buddhist philosophy

                                        Early Buddhism was based on empirical evidence gained by the sense organs and the Buddha seems to have retained a skeptical distance from certain metaphysical questions, refusing to answer them because they were not conducive to liberation but led instead to further speculation. A recurrent theme in Buddhist philosophy has been the reification of concepts, and the subsequent return to the Buddhist Middle Way.

                                                                                      Particular points of Buddhist philosophy have often been the subject of disputes between different schools of Buddhism. 

                                                                        These elaborations and disputes gave rise to various schools in early Buddhism of Abhidharma, and to the Mahayana traditions such as Prajnaparamita, Madhyamaka, Buddha-nature and Yogācāra.

SIkhism

    

Sikhism from ਸਿੱਖ, Sikh, 'disciple', 'seeker', or 'learner' is a monotheistic religion that originated in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent around the end of the 15th century. It is one of the youngest of the major religions and world's fifth-largest organized religion,^[7] with about 25 million Sikhs as of the early 21st century.

                                   Sikhism is based on the spiritual teachings of Guru Nanak, the first Guru (1469–1539),and the nine Sikh Gurus that succeeded him. 

                                            The tenth Guru, Guru Gobind Singh, named the Sikh scripture Guru Granth Sahib as his successor, terminating the line of human Gurus and establishing the scripture as the eternal, religious spiritual guide for Sikhs.